Read This Before Applying to an Economics PhD Program

I recently wrote an article about the types of people who shouldnt pursue a Ph.D. in economics. Dont get me wrong, I love economics. Ive spent a majority of my adult life in the pursuit of knowledge in the field studying around the world and even teaching it at the university level. You may love studying economics, too, but a Ph.D. program is an entirely different beast that requires a very specific type of person and student. After my article was published, I received an email from a reader, who just happened to be a potential Ph.D. student.   This readers experience and insights into the economics Ph.D. program application process were so on point that I felt the need to share the insights. For those considering applying to a Ph.D. program in Economics, give this email a read. One Students Experience Applying to an Economics Ph.D. Program Thanks for the graduate school focus in your recent articles.  Three of the challenges you mentioned [in your recent article] really hit home: American students have a comparative disadvantage for selection compared to foreign students.The importance of math cannot be overstated.Reputation is a huge factor, especially that of your undergraduate program. I applied unsuccessfully to Ph.D. programs for two years before conceding that I might not be ready for them. Only one, Vanderbilt, gave me even a wait-list consideration. I was a little embarrassed at being shunned. My mathematics GRE was 780. I had graduated at the top of my class with a 4.0 GPA in my economics major and completed a statistics minor. I had two internships: one in research, one in public policy. And accomplished this all while working 30 hours a week to support me. It was a brutally hard couple of years. The Ph.D. departments I applied to and my undergraduate adviser all pointed out: I attended a small, regional public university, and our professors spent significant time with students to the detriment of their own publishing.Though I took a heavy load of statistics coursework, I only had two terms of calculus.I had never been published; not even in an undergraduate journal.I aimed for highly-ranked schools in the Midwest like Illinois, Indiana, Vanderbilt, Michigan, Wisconsin, Washington University in St. Louis, but neglected schools on the coasts, which might have seen me as a more diverse candidate. I also made what many considered a tactical error: I went to talk with the graduate programs before I applied. I was later told that this is a taboo and seen as schmoozing. I even talked at length with the director of one program. We ended up talking shop for two hours and he invited me to attend presentations and brown bags whenever I was in town. But soon I would learn that he would be ending his tenure to take a position at another college, and would no longer be involved in the approval process for that program. After going through these obstacles, some suggested I prove myself with a Masters Degree in Economics first. I had originally been told that many schools pick top candidates immediately after undergraduate, but this new advice made sense because departments commit considerable resources to their Ph.D. candidates and want to make sure their investment will survive first-year exams. With that path in mind, I found it interesting that so few departments offer a terminal Masters in Economic. Id say about half as many as those that offer only the terminal Ph.D. Fewer still offer an academic Masters - most of these are professional programs. Still, Im glad it gives me a chance to dig deeper into research and see if Im ready for Ph.D. research. My Response   This was such a great letter for many reasons. First, it was genuine. It wasnt a why didnt I get into a Ph.D. program rant, but a personal story told with thoughtful insights. In fact, my experience has been nearly identical, and I would encourage any undergraduate student considering pursuing a Ph.D. in economics to take this readers insights to heart. I, myself,  was in a Masters program (at Queens University in Kingston, Ontario, Canada) before I entered my Ph.D. program. Today, I must admit that I wouldnt have survived three months as a Ph.D. student had I not attempted an MA in Economics first.

Viola in William Shakespeares The Twelfth Night Essay

Viola in William Shakespeares The Twelfth Night Viola as a main character is the most deceitful; she tricks everybody into believing shes a man, but as well as being most deceitful she is also the most honest and sincere. So what are her attractive qualities? Why does she appeal to us as an audience? In this essay I will be looking at Viola and her appealing qualities as well as the way in which I believe she should be acted. In many ways Viola represents true love, love that is not self-seeking but self-sacrificing, throughout the play she remains true to Orsino, trusting him completely To do you rest, a thousand deaths would die she would die for him and willingly. Many people would†¦show more content†¦Except unlike Orsino she does not create an image of pomposity or appear a snob. However she does deceive everybody into believing she is a man, is deceit not a loathsome quality? If it is, why do we not shun her? I think it is because she shuns the disguise, disguise I see thou art a wickedness she understands that disguising yourself does not solves problems but rather creates them. Even though when she realises the feeling Olivia has for her, she does not laugh and use this knowledge to ridicule her, poor lady, she were better love a dream but pitys her instead. Viola reveals her true self to us in her soliloquies, she tells us what she is thinking, my master loves her dearly, and I (poor monster) fond as much on him. And so is more honest. However people like Olivia are telling us what they think they are feeling methinks I feel this youths perfections with an invisible eye and subtle stealth to creep in at mine eyes but since what they are thinking is based in violas lie, they are in a way lies. So it is Viola who we see as the real person and consequently feel for her much more than the others. Viola never seems to get caught up in petty arguments, but nor does she seem above the characters in doingShow MoreRelatedEssay about Deception in William Shakespeares Twelfth Night775 Words   |  4 PagesDeception in William Shakespeares Twelfth Night In William Shakespeares comedic play, Twelfth Night, a recurring theme is deception. The characters in the play used deception for a variety of purposes. Violas use of deception involves her disguising herself as a man in order to obtain a job with the Duke of Illyria, Orsino. On the other hand, Maria, Olivias servant, writes a letter to Malvolio in Olivias handwriting to make Malvolio act foolishly because of his love for Olivia. WhileRead More The Use of Deception in William Shakespeares Twelfth Night Essay694 Words   |  3 PagesThe Use of Deception in William Shakespeares Twelfth Night   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Deception is a key theme in William Shakespeares Twelfth Night. 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Productivity Commission Safe Harbour †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Productivity Commission Safe Harbour. Answer: Introduction: The legal issue raised in the Janice situation is the company formation. Janice established a new company, Artifice Pty Ltd. The company had one director and one shareholder. The director and the shareholder was the same person, her husband. This move by Janice is legal. Under the Australian corporate law, a proprietary company should have a minimum of one director and one shareholder. Artifice Pty Ltd having being formed legally is now a company. Nit is legal and a separate entity from the owners, the directors and the shareholders. It can therefore own property and enter into contracts separately and independently management. The painting sold by Janice to the company therefore becomes the companys property (Singh, 2016). Janice therefore cannot deliver the painting to Tim legally. Tim will have to enter into a new agreement with the company. Tim however had an agreement with Janice initially. If the agreement was made official substantiated in writing, it would be similar to a contract. If a contract is entered, the contract would be binding to both parties in the contract. Tim could sue Janice for violation of a contractual agreement entered between him and Janice. However, if the agreement was just an agreement that could not amount to a contract, that would not be binding. This means Tim would have no legal options (Harris Hargovan, 2016). Tim would have lost. The legal issue raised in this situation is the functions of a director in a company. Can a director transact business on behalf of the company? Can a director enter into contracts on behalf of the company? According to the Australian Corporate law, a director of a limited company can transact business management on behalf of the company. He or she can make contracts on behalf of the company. The fact that Janice represented the company when they came into an agreement with Tim meant that the company now had a contractual agreement with Tim (Harris, Hargovan Adams, 2013). When the agreement was due, the painting had to be delivered to Tim after he makes the payment. Another legal issue was raised when the value of the painting increased in value. Janice knew that she could not re-negotiate with Tim for they had come to an agreement. She came up with a strategy to allege that the corporate management constitution of Janice GEMS Pty Ltd place a prohibition on sale of artworks. She would allege that its business activities were restricted to the acquisition and display of artworks. It is important to note that this is just an allegation. For a company constitution to be changed, it would require a special resolution which must meet certain criteria and are not easy to pass. Tim has a legal option of suing the company of breach of contract. In carrier Australia ltd vs Hunt (1939), the company changed some paragraphs in the constituting which ended in the removal of a director. The company was later held for breach of contract (Harris, 2016). A special resolution is not an easy thing even for a small company and if this special resolution to change the companys constitution is not passed, Janice Gems Pty Ltd. will be found guilty of breach of contract. Tim will probably have his painting eventually. References Harris, J. and Hargovan, A., 2016. Productivity Commission safe harbour proposal for insolvent trading. Governance Directions. Harris, J., Hargovan, A. and Adams, M.A., 2013. Australian corporate law (Vol. 2). LexisNexis Butterworths. Harris, J., 2016. Journal of Banking and Finance Law and Practice. Journal of Banking and Finance: Law and Practice. Singh, A., 2016. Australian corporate law [Book Review]. Ethos: Official Publication of the Law Society of the Australian Capital Territory, (240), p.58.

Tanglewood Case 3 free essay sample

Also, it will allow them to recruit employees with different strengths and weaknesses, helping them to create a team work that is supported by all of its members. On the other hand, Tanglewood can use targeted recruitment for high management positions that might require specific KSAOs, so the job can be developed. * Media: Tanglewood is media advertising, such as print, radio, and television advertising sources, coupled with respondents filling out a standardized job application. This is an open method of recruitment since it gives the opportunity to a large body of people to apply for the job. Referrals: it is a targeted method since allow employees from Tanglewood to promote and show the positions available to people who might meet the job requirements. * Kiosk: Is an open method since a large variety of people to apply for any position at the store, instead of writing on a piece of paper their personal information, they type it into the system. We will write a custom essay sample on Tanglewood Case 3 or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page * State Job Services: It can be an open method since all unemployed people can look for any positions available. However, it can be targeted since some positions will require some specific qualifications for certain positions available. Staffing Agency: It can be both targeted an open since they can look for special people with specific qualifications, and people with basic skills for any regular job. 3. Western Washington branches find that referrals possess a higher qualification and retention rate than kiosks, media and job service; it also provides the highest percent of applicants hired. Furthermore, Job service is very practical for this side of the company, even though the percentages and the number of applicants hired are less; it provides the same satisfaction as referrals. On the Eastern Washington branches, referrals also play an important role in the recruitment process, even though Kiosks and media both provide a high number of applicants, the hiring and retention rate for referrals is way much higher allowing this to be an important tool for this branch to find future employees. On the other hand, for Northern Oregon branches find that by using staffing agencies a better way to find their employees since it provides them with a higher qualification, short and longer retention. The Kiosks and media provide certain type of percentage and even though they are cheaper, they are not as effective as hiring an agency. Finally, In Southern Oregon Kiosks provide the bigger pool of applicants, but it holds a low retention and qualification rate. In this branches they also prefer to use staffing agencies since it provides a better short and long time retention and qualification for the job; however, staffing agencies represent a higher costs, since it is more expensive than referrals and kiosks. . The Northern Oregon suggests an idea of using Kiosks and staffing agencies for hiring employees for all the stores, they believe this is the most accurate way that Tanglewood should use and implement to recruit new workforce; these methods have not only been successful Northern Oregon, but for South Oregon region too. However, The Eastern and Western regions have used a different approach, they have used the employee referral tool to recruit new employees, and it has been s uccessful until the moment. I believe this region does not have a valid point, because if they decide to generalize the hiring and recruitment process into general ways as Kiosks and staffing companies, these other branches might start using and hiring people who does not have clearly understand what the needs, tasks, basic requirements and knowledge for the job are. Also, by implementing these new policies these branches might not receive the same quantity of people trying to enter the organization, and quality from the employees, affecting the working environment and results of these stores. . Tanglewood wants to keep improving their customer service quality to better assist the costumers; they should focus on obtaining sufficient quality from the variety of people who would like to work at Tanglewood, allowing employees to see this company and this position as a long term commitment. If we pay attention what Tanglewood is scared the most is the retention rates of positions from their employees, since employe es do not believe and feel any kind of closure between them and the job. Furthermore, Tanglewood has noticed before that many employees hired without any kind of retail experience do not recognize the importance of having good customer service skills, and training is not enough to solve this issue. Tanglewood should look for people with certain skills for specific positions, they should look for quality employees who have at least a minimum of knowledge, and with the help of training reinforce their knowledge and teach them how to apply this on their job. 6. A realistic recruitment message is a basic way of communication that states the name of the company and the job as it is. The purpose of this type of communication is that companies try to sell the job to applicants with only the positive things about the job, like good salary and benefits. Job attributes in an RJP for an associate: POSITIVE JOB ATTRIBUTES * Dental, Vision and Medical care. * Belong to a strong and respected workforce. * Training in different learning areas. * Different opportunities to obtain promotion. NEGATIVE JOB ATTRIBUTES * Salary has not risen for the past four years. * Promotions are very selective. * Annual reduction of benefits for family members. A branded message is when an organization wants to show a good image, so future applicants might develop a connection feeling towards the organization, in this way the company will try to sell the idea to the applicant by saying that this company is a great place to work surrounded by nice, helpful and committed people. * Would you like to work in a nice competitive environment in which you can exceed your abilities as a professional? Well, come and apply at Tanglewood stores, and learn and master your abilities while getting paid; receive medical, dental and vision care and 401K. Don’t waste your time!!

Principles and Functions of Management

Principles and Functions of Management Out line:This essay will look at the Principles and Functions of Management. Which mentions there is a difference between what a manager should do and what they actually do? According to many writers observation. Subsequently, I will comment by usage of my own knowledge of management theories and concepts. Further more, it is based on an experience and press stuffs. Due to main discussions, my assessment can be divided into following paragraph:I.IntroductionIn this order I will define:-What is a manager?-Why do we need the management?-Theories management: X and Y-Levels of managementII. PresentationIn this case I am going to explain:- What a management should do?-What they actually do?-How come there are the differences?-How does it influence on organizational values?II.Conclusion-Summaries the main points-Add solution and recommendationIII.IntroductionLong time ago, there was a concept of manager in every social class. Because people are always looking forward an individual, who can lead organization in a right way.The Whole TheoryThus, managers are people responsible for the process of planning, organizing, leading and controlling the efforts of organization members and of using all organizational resources to achieve stated organizational goals.The organizations tend to approach its objectives. Because of this, they desire there is a productive work. In term of this, we need to bring people together. It leads to combine experiences, knowledge, and efficiency resources. It is likely to achieve more than by people working on their own. Furthermore, the managers can make a planning to express goals in term of profit, market share in order to achieve these objectives the organizations require to have right people having responsibility, to make planning in the right time. The staff are required to performance the tasks given by the managers. Due to Pearce and Robinson statement that manager is: The process of optimizing human, material, and financial contribution s...

Bilateral Trade Agreements between the EU and the Philippines Essay

Bilateral Trade Agreements between the EU and the Philippines - Essay Example International trade traces its roots from the modern economic concepts popularized by economists such as David Ricardo. Particularly, it has its foundation on the "principles of comparative advantage" which supports international trade (Mankiw). Introduced by David Ricardo in 1817 through his book On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation, comparative advantage posits that trade can create value for both countries even if one has the fewer resources in the production of all goods. Using the production possibilities frontier, Ricardo was able to prove this, achieving a significant breakthrough in the field of international economics. Practically, Ricardo believes that given the situation, both countries can still gain by having the less efficient country specialize in the production and exportation of the commodity in which its absolute disadvantage is smallest and import the product in which it has its greatest absolute disadvantage. The commodity in which one country has the least absolute disadvantage can be thought of as one in which it has a comparative advantage. ... Therefore, if each 'economic agent' (firm, person, country) does what he, she, it does best, and each trades some of the results for what others do best, then everyone can be better off in terms of the amount of goods and services available to them" (Mackintosh). This argument that asserts the gains from trade is not only concerned about international trade; it is also an issue of most of the debates in the politics of economic policy. It is an argument for freedom of specialization and trade (Mackintosh). In a high-income and low-income country comparison, the book, Making the International: Economic Interdependence and Political Order highlighted that in a two-commodity example of food and pills, specialization will benefit both countries as each will be producing the commodity with the least opportunity cost, simply saying that trade can help increase income even for the low-income countries (Mackintosh). In recent years, there is an observed rise in the number of bilateral trade agreements between countries. Experts say that for a powerful country like the USA, "smaller FTAs accomplish the goal of liberalization and the expansion of markets for U.S. goods" in the absence of a broader agreement like the Doha round (MacMahon). On the part of the smaller countries, bilateral trade agreements increase the local employment and provide a better climate for investors from powerful nations (MacMahon). A significant general reason for the rising popularity of bilateral trade agreements is the disenchantment with the progress with liberalization at the multilateral level. The difficulties and failures associated with concluding the Doha round have simply supported this view.

Service Encounter Journal and Analysis Personal Statement

Service Encounter Journal and Analysis - Personal Statement Example I stopped at this convenience store to buy fuel and get a newspaper. I was involved with an employee at the check-out register. My overall satisfaction is rated at 2, because the cashier was upset when I misspoke about how much money I had, so she had to cancel the transaction on her register. Although I apologized for causing her the extra work, she did not look appeased, and made a remark to her coworker about it as I left. I am definitely not going to purchase from them again (score of 1). I visited this store to pick up a few groceries and had two interactions with employees: one directed me to the right part of the store to find cake mix, and the cashier rang up my purchase. My overall satisfaction is rated at 7, because the employee who directed me completely stopped what he was doing to talk, made eye contact, and appeared pleased to help. Also, the cashier let me use the special discount card they keep for customers who forgot theirs. They were professional and efficient, so I will definitely return (score of 7). My object in visiting the bank was to purchase two savings bonds. The bank uses tellers to complete such transactions. My overall satisfaction is rated at 2, because the teller clearly did not want to conduct this lengthy business. I wrote down important information for her, but she copied it incorrectly into the computer, so it had to be changed. I only had time to buy one bond, and then had to leave because I was going to be late for another appointment. Perhaps I could have come in the middle of the morning when the bank was not so busy. The teller could have been more efficient and not shown her displeasure. Still, my accounts are there, so I rate my likelihood to return at 7. Journal Entry: 5 Week: 5 Firm: Bill's Barber Shop Type of Service: Personal care My hair was getting long, so I visited the shop for a trim. Employee involvement came from the person who greeted me and the barber who cut my hair. My overall satisfaction is rated at 4. I received a good haircut at a good price, but it took a very long time. The barber should have kept working while he talked to me, but instead, liked to stop and make eye contact for every sentence! I could have asked the barber to work faster, or he could have sensed that I felt it was taking too long. My likelihood of returning is rated at 1. There are other shops in town. Journal Entry: 6 Week: 6 Firm: Nationwide Insurance Co. Type of Service: Auto and home insurance It was time to make my car insurance payment, and I dealt with a representative who accepted my check and gave me a receipt. She also set me up for electronic fund transfers. My overall satisfaction is rated at 6, because she was quick, efficient, and courteous. There was nothing she or I could have done to make the transaction better. My likelihood of returning is rated 7. They have earned my business and loyalty. Journal Entry: 7 Week: 7 Firm: US Postal Service Type of Service: Package delivery I had to ship a large package, and the